Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Physical Principles
| The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants. |
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| When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water
vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated
through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible
gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from
gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice. |
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Heat Transfer
| Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The
fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of
their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a
result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down
and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process
continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at
the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no
further heat exchange takes place. |
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The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...
Other materials:
Locking or unlocking the driver door manually
Fig. 155 Door handle on driver
door with lock cylinder
First read and observe the introductory
information and safety warnings
If locked manually, all doors are locked. If unlocked manually, only the
driver door is unlocked. Observe information on the anti-theft alarm .
Fold the key bi ...
Contact Housings, Repairing Wire Terminals
Note
For technical reasons, the contact housing for the wire
terminals can be supplied only with the contacts pushed in.
These contacts can be removed at every other contact housing ...
Introduction
This chapter contains information on the following subjects:
→ Making you and your vehicle safe
→ First aid kit and warning triangle
Additional information and warnings:
Braking, stopping and parking
Manual opening and closing
Vehicle toolkit
Changing a ...
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Pressure and Boiling Point