VW Polo manuals

Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Physical Principles

The four known states of water also apply to air conditioning system refrigerants.
1 -  gaseous (invisible)
2 -  vapor
3 -  fluid
4 -  solid
 

Physical Principles

When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice.
A -  Heat absorption
B -  Heat emission
 

Physical Principles

Heat Transfer

Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no further heat exchange takes place.
   
A/C Technology Basic Principles
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Pressure and Boiling Point
The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...

Other materials:

Windscreen wiper functions
First read and observe the introductory information and safety warnings Windscreen wiper response in various situations: When the vehicle is stationary. When switched on, the wipers will temporarily be switched to the next setting down. Whil ...

Aquaplus Design and Multi-Color Paintwork
In order to achieve error-free design and multi-colored paint applications using Aquaplus solid, metallic, pearlescent base paint, pay attention to the important notes and in some cases use special tools. Preparation: ...

Brush Grinder Set -VAS6776
Definition: Brush Grinder Set -VAS6776- Product Description: The device is used to clean surfaces and remove corrosion in hard to reach areas. For example, it is suitable for joints, grooves, ...

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