VW Polo manuals

Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Physical Principles

The four known states of water also apply to air conditioning system refrigerants.
1 -  gaseous (invisible)
2 -  vapor
3 -  fluid
4 -  solid
 

Physical Principles

When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice.
A -  Heat absorption
B -  Heat emission
 

Physical Principles

Heat Transfer

Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no further heat exchange takes place.
   
A/C Technology Basic Principles
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Pressure and Boiling Point
The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...

Other materials:

Introduction
This chapter contains information on the following subjects:  → Warning lamp  → Frontal collisions and the laws of physics  → What happens to vehicle occupants who have not fastened their seat belts  → Seat belt protection  → Using seat belts  → ...

Matting Component -ALN 775 106
Definition: Matting Component -ALN 775 106- Edition 04/2013 Product Description With the two-part HS top coat, the Matting Component -ALN 775 106- produce a matted top coat c ...

Refuelling autogas
Fig. 132 In the right-hand side of the vehicle at the rear: open tank flap with tank cap for gas filler neck ① and adapter ② First read and observe the introductory information and safety warnings Switch off the engine, ignition and mobile telephone before refuelling  . Please re ...

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