Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Critical Point
| Vehicle air conditioning systems make use of the
vaporization and condensation process. In this case, one works
with a substance which boils easily, designated as refrigerant. |
| The refrigerant employed is tetrafluoroethane R134a, which
boils at -26.5 °C (-15.7 °F) at a vapor pressure of 1 bar (14.5
psi). |
| The critical point (critical temperature and critical
pressure) is that above which there is no longer a boundary
between liquid and gas. |
| A substance above its critical point is always in the
gaseous state. |
| At temperatures below the critical point, all types of
refrigerant in pressure vessels exhibit both a liquid and a gas
phase, i.e. there is a layer of gas above the liquid. |
| As long as there is still gas present in the container next
to the fluid, pressure is dependent on ambient temperature.
Refer to
→ Chapter „Refrigerant R134a Vapor Pressure Table“. |
 Note
| Different types of refrigerant are never to be mixed. Only
the refrigerant designated for the corresponding A/C system may
be used. |
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Vehicle air conditioning systems make use of the
vaporization and condensation process. In this case, one works
with a substance which boils easily, designated as ref ...
Vehicle air conditioning systems make use of the
vaporization and condensation process. In this case, one works
with a substance which boils easily, designated as ref ...
Other materials:
Visual Inspection
WARNING
Risk of injury. Follow all Warnings and Safety
Precautions. Refer to
→ Chapter „Warnings and Safety Precautions“.
Prior to performing any measurement ...
Checklist
The following actions must always be carried out in the given
order in preparation for changing the wheel :
In the event of a flat tyre, park
your vehicle on a firm and level surface at a safe distance from the flow of
traffic.
Apply the handbrake firmly Braking,
stopping an ...
Tire Pressure Monitoring Sensor without Valve, Removing and Installing,
Vehicle Before Customer Delivery
Special tools and workshop equipment
required
Torque Wrench -VAG1410-
Perform the Following:
Removing
–
Remove the tire from the disc wheel.
&nb ...
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Refrigerant R134a Physical Data
Refrigerant R134a Environmental Information