Volkswagen Polo Service & Repair Manual: Tire Sidewall Swelling
| A swelling in the flank of the tire indicates that the
substructure of the carcass has been damaged. |
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| Typical causes for such damage include, for example, driving
over curbs at a sharp angle. |
| Pinching the carcass of a tire this way can damage the
carcass. |
| The substructure of the tire is stretched so far that
individual fibers in the carcass may break. |
| The extent of the damage depends on the speed of impact, the
angle of impact, the air pressure, the axle load and the type of
obstacle. |
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| Evidence of Pinching on the Sidewall of a Tire
-arrows- |
 Note
| Driving over curbs must be avoided! |
| When it cannot be avoided, curbs should be driven over very
slowly at the bluntest possible angle. |
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| Interior View of a Tire with a Punctured Carcass. |
| Due to a severe impact, the carcass was pinched on the rim
flange and is ruptured in the contact patch. |
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| Inside Tire Damage Due to Impact Damage (Double Rupture) |
| Double rupture -arrows- caused
by pinching when driving over a curb. Often not detectable from
outside. |
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Cuts
| Cut Caused by a Sharp-Edged Obstacle
-arrow-. |
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A wear spot is a flat spot on the tread of the tires that
can be caused by extreme braking maneuvers on subsurface such as
asphalt.
...
Driving over hard, pointed objects like nails, screws and
the like can pierce the tire.
This always leads to tire damage.
...
Other materials:
Manual gearbox: selecting a gear
Fig. 110 Gear shift pattern of a 5 or 6-speed
manual gearbox
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings The positions of the individual driving
gears are shown on the gearshift lever .
Fully depress and hold the clutch pedal.
Move the gear lever t ...
Seat belt protection
Fig. 49 Driver restrained by a properly
positioned seat belt during a sudden braking manoeuvre
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings
Correctly fastened seat belts can make a major difference. When fastened properly,
seat belts hold the vehicle occupants in ...
Introduction
This chapter contains information on the following subjects:
→ Securing mounts, roof bars or load carrying system
→ Loading the load carrier system The roof of the vehicle has been designed
for optimum aerodynamic effect. Therefore, conventional mounts or other load carrier
sy ...
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Wear Spots
Foreign Object Damage